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近年来我国旅游业的快速发展取得了举世瞩目的成就,旅游业在国民经济中的战略地位得以确立,国际影响地位不断攀升。这一背景下,构建以产业技术效率为核心的国际竞争力成为建设旅游强国面临的重要议题。本文在回顾国内外相关文献的基础上,采用数据包络分析法(DEA)对30个旅游目的地大国旅游产业的技术效率进行了测量和比较研究,并对标杆国家进行了竞争优势分析,研究表明30个世界旅游大国中我国的技术效率水平相对落后,在纯技术效率和规模效率两方面都有较大改善空间。当前我国旅游业的竞争优势地位主要来自于资源禀赋优势和相对价格优势,而基于制度和技术创新的产业技术效率改善才是未来实现旅游经济可持续增长,构建国际旅游目的地核心竞争力的关键所在。
In recent years, the rapid development of China’s tourism industry has made remarkable achievements in the world. The strategic position of tourism in the national economy has been established and its international influence has been on the rise. Against this background, building an international competitiveness centering on industrial technical efficiency has become an important issue for building a tourism power. Based on the review of domestic and foreign literatures, this paper uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure and compare the technical efficiency of tourism industry in 30 tourist destinations, and analyzes the competitive advantage of benchmark countries. It shows that the technological efficiency of our country is relatively backward among the 30 major tourism countries in the world, and there is much room for improvement both in terms of pure technical efficiency and economies of scale. At present, the competitive advantage of China’s tourism industry comes mainly from the advantages of resource endowments and relative price advantages. However, the improvement of technical efficiency of industries based on system and technological innovation is the key to achieving sustainable tourism economic growth and building the core competitiveness of international tourism destinations in the future Where you are.