马克思主义经典作家从来不否认文学的意识形态性。文学从来不是一种纯粹的抽象的美的物品,从文学的来源、构成直至鉴赏、接受,无不浸润在意识形态氛围之中。当代西方马克思主义文论,自阿尔都塞以下,对文学与意识形态的关系,作了深入探讨。阿尔都塞建立了他对“意识形态”的独特理解,这是他文论的中心,也是他对后来者产生影响的根本点。阿尔都塞提出了文学艺术与意识形态之间“浸润”与“距离”的复合关系,规定批评的任务即揭露文学本文 Marxist classics never denied the ideology of literature. Literature is never a purely abstract beautiful object, from the source of literature, composition, until appreciation, acceptance, are all immersed in the ideological atmosphere. Contemporary Western Marxist literary theory, from Althusser following, on the relationship between literature and ideology, made in-depth discussion. Althusser established his unique understanding of “ideology”, which is the center of his literary theory and also the fundamental point of his influence on later generations. Althusser proposed a complex relationship between “infiltration” and “distance” between literature and art and ideology, and stipulated that the task of criticism was to expose literature