目的　研究输精管阻断所致生精细胞凋亡状况在输精管复通后的变化。方法　以雄性 SD大鼠为研究对象 ,建立输精管阻断及阻断后复通模型 ,采用 DNA缺口原位标记凋亡细胞方法 ,观察大鼠生精细胞在输精管复通后 4、8、12及 16周的凋亡状况。结果　生精细胞凋亡逐渐减轻 ,至复通后 8周开始显著少于阻断组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,但 8周和 12周仍显著多于阻断前水平 (P<0 . 0 5 ) ,至 16周凋亡细胞数接近阻断前水平 (P>0 . 0 5 )。结论输精管阻断所致生精细胞凋亡具有可逆性 ,复通后凋亡可恢复至阻断前水平。 Objective To study the changes of apoptosis of spermatogenic cells induced by vas deferens obstruction after regurgitation of vas deferens. Methods The male Sprague-Dawley rats were used as research objects to establish the model of vas deferens obstruction and post-occlusion recurrence. Apoptotic cells were labeled by DNA nicks in situ. The apoptosis of rat spermatogenic cells was observed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of apoptosis. Results Apoptosis of spermatogenic cells was gradually reduced, and was significantly less than that of the blocking group (P <0. 05) at the 8th week after recanalization, but still significantly more than that of the blocking group at the 8th and 12th weeks (P <0. 0 5). The number of apoptotic cells reached the level of pre-block by 16 weeks (P> 0.05). Conclusions The apoptosis of spermatogenic cells induced by vas deferens block is reversible, and the apoptosis can recover to the level of pre-block after reperfusion.