医院走向社会主义市场经济，是当前我国卫生改革面临的重大机遇与挑战，具有重要的理论和实践意义。本文以社会主义市场经济为逻辑起点，着重从构建医疗卫生服务新思维、调整医院现有结构与功能，以及建立合理运行机制等方面，详细论证了２１世纪上海医院发展的构想，旨为卫生改革战略的制定提供借鉴。 The hospital’s going to the socialist market economy is a major opportunity and challenge that our country’s health reform faces now, which has important theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, the socialist market economy as a logical starting point, focusing on the construction of new thinking of health services, adjust the existing structure and function of the hospital, and establish a reasonable operation mechanism, a detailed demonstration of the 21st century Shanghai hospital development concept for health reform Strategy formulation to provide reference.