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目的探讨宫颈疾病的病理特点及临床表现。为宫颈癌早期诊治提供可靠依据。方法对4328例宫颈疾病病人病理特点、HPV检测、临床表现进行回顾性分析。结果宫颈炎性病变占88%,宫颈上皮内瘤样变占7%,宫颈浸润癌占0.3%。HPV感染阳性865例,其中宫颈上皮内瘤样变HPV感染率为65%,宫颈浸润癌HPV感染率为84%。宫颈良性病变中HPV的阳性率明显低于宫颈上皮内瘤样变及宫颈癌患者(P<0.01)。HPV感染的高峰年龄为18~28岁,宫颈癌及癌前病变的高峰年龄为30~48岁。高危HPV持续感染、多性伴、性传播疾病者是发病的高危因素。结论对宫颈炎伴有HPV阳性患者进行积极的跟踪、必要时做病理检查,使宫颈癌在癌前病变阶段得到早期预防和诊治。30~48岁是城市医院宫颈疾病诊治、宫颈癌防治的重点人群。
Objective To investigate the pathological features and clinical manifestations of cervical disease. Provide a reliable basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer. Methods The pathological features, HPV detection and clinical manifestations of 4328 cases of cervical disease were retrospectively analyzed. Results Cervical inflammatory lesions accounted for 88%, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia accounted for 7%, cervical invasive carcinoma accounted for 0.3%. HPV infection was positive in 865 cases, in which HPV infection rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia was 65% and HPV infection rate of cervical invasive carcinoma was 84%. The positive rate of HPV in cervical benign lesions was significantly lower than that in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer patients (P<0.01). The peak age of HPV infection is 18 to 28 years old, and the peak age of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions is 30 to 48 years old. High-risk HPV persistent infection, multiple sexual partners, sexually transmitted diseases are high risk factors for the disease. Conclusion The patients with cervicitis accompanied by HPV positive were followed up actively and pathological examinations were performed when necessary. The cervical cancer was prevented and diagnosed and treated early in the precancerous stage. 30 to 48 years old is the key population for diagnosis and treatment of cervical diseases in urban hospitals and prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.