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目的了解天津市胸科医院医院感染及抗菌药物使用的现状,为提高医院感染防控及抗菌药物管理水平提供依据。方法采用床旁调查与查阅住院病历相结合的方法对2010年8月24日该院所有住院患者进行现患率调查。结果医院感染现患率为5.31%,心外科最高为14.04%,各科之间现患率差别有统计学意义(P<0.001);检出病原菌30株,以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占58.61%;抗菌药物使用率为46.46%,各科之间使用率差别有统计学意义(P<0.01);一联用药的最多,占84.29%,以治疗为目的的占73.81%,预防的占25.24%;使用治疗用药者送检率达92.36%。结论该次横断面调查结果基本反映日常监测情况,该院应增加对重点科室的目标性监测,加强抗菌药物合理使用的监管力度。
Objective To understand the status of nosocomial infections and antibacterials use in Tianjin Chest Hospital and to provide basis for improving the prevention and control of nosocomial infections and the level of antibacterials management. Methods The method of combining bedside investigation and inpatient medical records was used to investigate the prevalence of all inpatients in this hospital on August 24, 2010. Results The prevalence of nosocomial infection was 5.31% and the highest was 14.04% in cardiac surgery. There were significant differences in the prevalence rates between the two groups (P <0.001). Thirty bacteria were detected, of which Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 58.61% ; The antibacterial usage rate was 46.46%, and there was a significant difference between the usage rates of all the subjects (P <0.01); the most commonly used drugs were 84.29%, accounting for 73.81% for treatment and 25.24% ; The treatment of drug delivery rate of 92.36%. Conclusion The results of this cross-sectional survey basically reflect the routine monitoring situation. The hospital should increase the targeted monitoring of major departments and strengthen the supervision of the rational use of antimicrobial agents.