二战后,基于对战前中央集权式教育行政体制的否定与反思,日本开始探寻契合现代民主法治精神的教育行政体制。在教育政策法律的引导下,日本不断推行教育行政改革,围绕“集权—分权、统合—分立”两个轴心,先后形成分权—分立型、集权—分立型、集权—统合型、分权—统合型教育行政体制,逐步建立起中央与地方合作管理的教育行政法治体系。 After World War II, based on the negation and reflection on the administrative system of centralized government prior to the war, Japan began to search for an educational administrative system that meets the spirit of modern democratic rule of law. Under the guidance of education policy and law, Japan has continuously implemented the reform in education administration and has successively formed the following three axes: decentralization, centralization, separation, centralization and integration , Decentralization - the integrated education administrative system, and gradually establish a system of educational administration and rule of law jointly managed by the central and local governments.