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目的了解“5·12”地震后灾区饮水状况,并采取有效措施保障饮水安全。方法在受灾最严重的6个市(州)开展饮水实验室监测工作和灾民安置点的快速监测工作。结果5月16日～7月6日,在灾民安置点现场快速检测水样49410件,实验室检测水样8915个。5月16日～5月23日,实验室监测水样970件,其中水源水合格率44%;出厂水合格率72%;末梢水合格率60%;分散式供水合格率38%。5月24日～6月1日,灾民安置点水质快检水样9779个,实验室检测水样1894件,其中水源水合格率58%;出厂水合格率80%;末梢水合格率80%;分散式供水合格率44%。同时对成都、绵阳等水源水和出厂水进行了放射性指标、“敌敌畏”、石油类指标监测,结果均未超标。(6月2日～7月6日)灾民安置点水质快检水样30716个,实验室检测水样6051件,其中出厂水合格率85%;末梢水合格率93%。结论目前灾区饮用水逐步好转,市政集中式供水和受灾群众安置点饮用水卫生安全有保障,部分乡镇集中式供水水质卫生状况不稳定,应采取相应对策和措施。
Objective To understand the status of drinking water in the affected areas after the May 12 earthquake and to take effective measures to ensure drinking water safety. Methods The monitoring work of drinking water laboratories and the rapid monitoring of disaster victims’ resettlement sites were carried out in the six most affected cities (or prefectures). Results From May 16 to July 6, 49,410 water samples were quickly detected at the site of the victims’ resettlement sites and 8,915 water samples were tested in the laboratory. From May 16 to May 23, the laboratory monitored 970 water samples, of which the water source qualification rate was 44%, the passing rate of manufactured water was 72%, the qualified rate of terminal water was 60%, and the passing rate of decentralized water supply was 38%. From May 24 to June 1, 9,779 water samples were quickly collected at the resettlement sites of victims and 1894 samples were tested in the laboratory, of which 58,9% were qualified as raw water and 80% were qualified as ex-works water. The passing rate of the terminal water was 80% ; Decentralized water supply pass rate of 44%. At the same time, Chengdu, Mianyang and other water sources and ex-factory water radioactivity indicators, “dichlorvos ”, petroleum indicators monitoring, the results were not exceeded. (June 2 ~ July 6), 30,016 water samples were quickly collected at the resettlement sites of the victims and 6,051 samples were tested in the laboratory. The passing rate of ex-factory water was 85% and that of the terminal water was 93%. Conclusions At present, the drinking water in quake-stricken area is gradually getting better. The central government has centralized water supply and affected people’s health and safety of drinking water are safeguarded. Some sanitary conditions of centralized water quality in some villages and towns are not stable. Corresponding countermeasures and measures should be taken.