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目的总结目前胰岛移植分子影像示踪与监测的不同方法。方法对当前国内、外有关胰岛移植分子影像示踪与监测的研究报道进行综述和分析。结果 MRI具有高敏感性,高空间分辨率,可应用于临床,可在MR实时引导下进行药物注射,无放射性损伤等优点,但缺点是无法区分肝细胞以及未存活的移植胰岛细胞,在肝铁离子过量的患者中无法进行监测。核素分子显像的优点是特异性高,只有存活的细胞产生信号,可应用于临床,但具有离子辐射,有可能会篡改基因,无解剖成像,空间分辨率低,放射性示踪半衰期较短。光学成像特异性高,只有存活的细胞产生信号,获取途径多样,无放射性损伤,但有可能会篡改基因,空间分辨率低,尚无法应用于临床。结论磁共振、核素影像、光学成像以及基于微囊胰岛的多模态影像,都可以对胰岛移植物进行分子影像的示踪与监测,基于微囊胰岛的多模态影像可能会是未来最佳的方法。
Objective To summarize different methods of tracing and monitoring the molecular images of islet transplantation. Methods The reports of molecular imaging tracing and monitoring of islet transplantation at home and abroad were summarized and analyzed. Results MRI has high sensitivity and high spatial resolution and can be applied to clinic. It can be injected under the guidance of MR in real time without any radioactive injury. But the disadvantage is that it can not differentiate between hepatocytes and non-surviving transplanted islets. Unable to monitor in patients with iron overload. The advantages of radionuclide imaging are high specificity. Only surviving cells produce signals that can be used clinically but have ionizing radiation that can potentially tamper with genes without anatomical imaging with low spatial resolution and shorter radiotracer half-lives . Optical imaging of high specificity, only the survival of cells produce signals, access to a variety of ways, no radioactive damage, but it may tamper with genes, low spatial resolution, yet can not be applied to clinical. Conclusion Magnetic resonance imaging, radionuclide imaging, optical imaging and multimodality imaging based on microcapsules islets can both tracer and monitor islet graft images. The multimodality images based on islet microcapsules may be the most promising Good method.