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综述了三(8-羟基喹啉)铝(Alq3)的5种结晶相(α,β,γ,δ和ε)的制备方法以及这五相之间的相互转变。阐述了Alq3的两种异构体(fac-Alq3和mer-Alq3)的相互转变和存在条件,研究表明:由于室温下fac-Alq3在溶液中很不稳定,所以很难被检测到,其只能在低温下存在,并随着温度的升高逐渐向mer-Alq3转变。归纳了Alq3的5种结晶相的不同结晶形式和晶体结构。并对比了这5种结晶相在固态和溶液中的光致发光光谱,发现不同结晶相的荧光峰值波长不同,并分布在466～515 nm之间。最后简述了Alq3合成过程中的化学老化机制:在水和氧气存在的情况下,Alq3易水解进而发生氧化缩合,因此在制备Alq3的过程中需要在无水无氧的条件下进行。
The preparation methods of five kinds of crystal phases (α, β, γ, δ and ε) of tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3) and the mutual transformation between these five phases are reviewed. The conversion and existence conditions of two isomers of Alq3 (fac-Alq3 and mer-Alq3) have been described. The results show that fac-Alq3 is very hard to be detected in solution due to its instability in solution at room temperature. It can exist at low temperature and gradually change to mer-Alq3 with the increase of temperature. The different crystal forms and crystal structures of five kinds of Alq3 crystal phases are summarized. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of these five crystalline phases in solid state and solution were compared. The results showed that the fluorescence peak wavelengths of different crystalline phases were different and were distributed between 466 and 515 nm. Finally, the mechanism of chemical aging in Alq3 synthesis is described briefly: In the presence of water and oxygen, Alq3 is easily hydrolyzed and then undergoes oxidative condensation. Therefore, Alq3 needs to be prepared under anhydrous and oxygen-free conditions during the preparation of Alq3.