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贸易结构反映了一个国家或地区贸易的综合水平和发展潜力,贸易结构的变动也与一国的经济密切相连。改革开放以来,我国长期推行“出口导向型”对外贸易,使得中国的贸易结构在世界竞争中处于较低层次,对外贸易逐步失去了增长的潜力。因此,要想使中国避免在世界竞争中处于不利地位,增强国际竞争力,就必须推进对外贸易结构转型升级。本文首先阐述了我国对外贸易结构现状,并分析了其存在的一些主要问题,然后据此提出一些实用的对策建议。
The trade structure reflects the comprehensive level and development potential of a country’s trade. The changes in the trade structure are also closely linked with the economy of a country. Since the reform and opening up, China’s long-term implementation of “export-oriented” foreign trade has made China’s trade structure at a low level in world competition and its foreign trade gradually loses its potential for growth. Therefore, in order to prevent China from being disadvantaged in world competition and enhance its international competitiveness, it is necessary to promote the restructuring and upgrading of its foreign trade structure. This article first expounds the status quo of China’s foreign trade structure and analyzes some of its main problems, and then proposes some practical countermeasures.