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具有可控形貌的铂合金纳米晶,尤其是表面由(111)面构成的纳米八面体或二十面体等,被认为是一种理想的高催化活性燃料电池电极催化剂,其重要的应用价值吸引了国际上许多研究组的兴趣和大量研究.近年来有关铂合金纳米晶的形貌可控合成和催化性能取得了突飞猛进的进展;但与此同时,如何在长期的催化反应服役过程中保持合金纳米晶的形貌和催化性能的长期稳定是拓展其实际应用的重要瓶颈.本文首先回顾了近年来在铂合金纳米晶的形貌调控和催化性能提升上的重要进展,进一步介绍了铂合金纳米晶在催化反应前后形貌和催化性能的稳定性,以及基于高分辨透射电子显微镜和谱学分析的失效机制研究;最后,总结了提高形貌和催化性能稳定性的一些可行途径.这些结果对进一步设计具有高活性、长寿命的燃料电池铂合金纳米催化剂具有较好的指导作用,同时也对用于其他催化反应的金属合金纳米晶催化剂具有一定的借鉴作用.
Platinum-alloyed nanocrystals with controlled morphology, especially nano-octahedrons or icosahedrons whose surface is composed of (111) planes, are considered as an ideal catalyst for high catalytic activity fuel cell electrode, and their important application value Attracting a lot of interest and lots of researches on many international research groups.In recent years, the progress of the controlled synthesis and the catalytic performance of the platinum alloy nanocrystals have made great strides, but at the same time, how to maintain the long-term catalytic reaction service The long-term stability of the morphology and catalytic properties of the alloy nanocrystals is an important bottleneck to expand its practical application.In this paper, firstly, the important progress in morphology control and catalytic performance improvement of platinum alloy nanocrystals is reviewed, The stability of the morphology and catalytic performance of nanocrystals before and after the catalysis reaction, and the failure mechanisms based on high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and spectroscopic analysis. Finally, some feasible ways to improve the morphology and catalytic stability are summarized. These results On the further design with high activity, long life fuel cell platinum alloy nano-catalyst has a good guiding role, with Also it has a certain reference for nanocrystalline metal alloy catalysts for other catalytic reactions.