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旅游发展与文化遗产保护在理论上有可能相辅相成。但在具体实践中,当文化遗产被当作产业资本时,其本身固有的价值却有可能面临更快的损毁。类似摩梭文化这样珍贵而脆弱的非物质文化遗产就更难经受经济浪潮的冲击。本文从应用人类学的视角对有关理论问题进行深入剖析,试图从根本上阐明文化的起源、文化的本质和生命、文化变迁的原因、文化遗产对现代乃至未来社会的深远意义、文化变迁与文化保护的矛盾、旅游与文化遗产的关系、摩梭文化的特征,以及保护摩梭文化对摩梭人和世界文化的意义等问题。通过对旅游产品的共性和摩梭文化特征的对比分析,本文指出摩梭文化并不适宜旅游消费。不加节制的旅游会颠覆摩梭文化的稳定性并加速其独特性的消亡。
Tourism development and cultural heritage protection may theoretically complement each other. However, in practice, when the cultural heritage is regarded as industrial capital, its inherent value may face a faster destruction. A precious and fragile intangible cultural heritage like Mosuo culture is even more vulnerable to the impact of the economic tide. From the perspective of applying anthropology, this paper analyzes the related theoretical issues in an attempt to fundamentally clarify the origin of culture, the essence and life of culture, the causes of cultural change, the far-reaching significance of cultural heritage to modern and future society, cultural changes and culture The contradictions of protection, the relationship between tourism and cultural heritage, the characteristics of Mosuo culture, and the significance of protecting the Mosuo culture to Mosuo people and world culture. Through the comparative analysis of the common features of tourism products and Mosuo cultural characteristics, this paper points out that Mosuo culture is not suitable for tourism consumption. Unbridled travel can subvert Mosuo cultural stability and accelerate the demise of its uniqueness.