【引言】“有效教学”是学校教学活动的一个基本追求,“理想课堂”是课堂教学的最终目标,有效教学是一个动态发展的概念,其内涵一直随着教学价值观、教学理论基础以及教学研究方式的变化而不断扩展、变化。发展到现在有效教学大体有四种取向:一是建构主义关注学生、关注过程,学生是主动建构者,教师应该是教学环境的设计者,课程的开发者,学生学习的组织者、指导者和促进者;二是科学主义,关注学生的发展,教学目标的全面性;三是多 【Introduction】 “Effective teaching ” is a basic pursuit of school teaching activities, “ideal classroom ” is the ultimate goal of classroom teaching, effective teaching is a concept of dynamic development, its connotation has been with the teaching values, teaching theory Based on changes in teaching and research methods and continue to expand and change. There are basically four kinds of orientation in the effective teaching from nowadays to the present: Constructivism pays attention to students, pays attention to process, students are active constructors, teachers should be designers of teaching environment, course developers, students’ learning organizers, mentors and Promoters; the second is scientificism, concerned about the development of students, the comprehensiveness of teaching objectives; third is more