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通过文献分析,就我国体育领域的ERP应用研究现状从不同研究视角进行了分类讨论,归纳总结了我国体育领域ERP研究阶段成果并比较了国内外相关研究的不同,得出了对未来研究的一些启示。结论:1)P300等成分的变化趋势提示体育锻炼对改善锻炼者及特殊人群的认知加功能力有促进作用。2)基于专家-新手范式,应用ERP有关成份实验研究结果提示高水平运动员具有更好的专项训练适应,专项认知能力更为优化。3)不同项目运动员的ERP比较研究提示专项认知能力具有项目间差异。4)不同研究范式及ERP成份实验研究结果显示心理疲劳、负性情绪、应激、人格等因素对运动员的认知加工能力有不同的影响。5)国内外有关ERP研究在生态学效度、研究视角及自变量干预质量控制等方面有所不同。6)应用ERP的不同成分研究不同的运动认知能力在运动认知心理学领域具有较广阔的前景,未来应该重视提高研究的生态学效度及加强机制研究。
Through the literature analysis, we classify and discuss the status quo of ERP application in the field of sports in our country from different research perspectives, summarize the achievements in the field of ERP in the field of sports in our country and compare the related researches at home and abroad, and draw some conclusions about the future research Inspiration. Conclusion: 1) P300 and other components of the trend of changes suggest that physical exercise on improving exercise and special population cognitive ability to promote a role. 2) Based on the expert-novice paradigm, the application of ERP-related experimental results suggest that high-level athletes have better special training and adaptation, and the special cognitive ability is more optimized. 3) Comparative study on ERP among different athletes suggests that the special cognitive ability has the differences among different projects. 4) Different research paradigms and ERP ingredients Experimental results show that mental fatigue, negative emotions, stress, personality and other factors have different effects on the cognitive processing ability of athletes. 5) The researches on ERP in China and abroad are different in ecological validity, research perspective and quality control of independent variables. 6) The application of different components of ERP to study different motor cognitive abilities has broad prospects in the field of cognitive psychology of sports. In the future, more attention should be paid to improve the ecological validity of the research and to strengthen the mechanism research.