中国古代从秦汉帝国开始,就对诸如盐、铁、酒等当时的战略物资或高利润产品实行专卖,宋代就曾大搞严苛的茶叶专卖制度。政府专卖制度是古今中外都有的一种经济手段,目的是使政府在某种物资销售上的利益最大化,其实说到底就是垄断。现今,中国依然对烟草等产品实行专卖。众所周知,只要是专卖的产业,就意味着暴利,其从业者的收入相对于其他行业来说,令人叹为观止。也正因为此,专卖行业极易引发民众的不满,造成社会不稳定,也使得人们盲目期待能从事专卖这种超额回报 In ancient China, starting from the Qin and Han Empires, it implemented monopoly on the strategic materials or high-profit products at the time such as salt, iron and wine. In the Song Dynasty, the harsh system of tea monopoly was once carried out. The government monopoly system is an economic measure that exists both at home and abroad, with the purpose of maximizing the government’s interest in the sale of certain materials and supplies. In the final analysis, it is a monopoly. Today, China still implements monopoly on tobacco and other products. As we all know, as long as the monopoly industry, it means profits, its practitioners income relative to other industries, it is amazing. Precisely because of this, monopoly industry can easily lead to public dissatisfaction, resulting in social instability, but also makes people blindly looking forward to engage in monopoly this excess return