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目的探讨肝病患者医院感染的特点。方法对2010年1~12月首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院住院的11950例肝病患者发生医院感染的情况进行监测和分析。结果肝病患者发生医院感染209例,感染率为1.7%;感染234例次,例次率为2.0%;平均住院日延长22.7d。41~65岁感染者所占比例最高(70.3%)。感染部位依次为呼吸道(108例,46.2%),腹腔(61例,26.1%)。其中98例医院感染患者共送检115份标本,分离出94株病原菌。菌群分布依次为革兰阴性菌38株(40.4%),革兰阳性菌28株(29.8%),真菌28株(29.8%)。致病菌主要是大肠埃希菌和白色念珠菌。医院感染患者中45.5%接受过侵入性操作。结论肝病合并医院感染可明显延长患者住院时间,加重病情。因此,应重视医院感染的监控和管理,降低医院感染的发生。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of nosocomial infection in patients with liver disease. Methods January to December 2010, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing You’an Hospital 11950 cases of liver disease hospital infection were monitored and analyzed. Results There were 209 cases of nosocomial infection in hospital with infection rate of 1.7%. 234 cases were infected with the rate of 2.0%. The average length of stay was extended by 22.7 days. The highest proportion of infected people aged 41 to 65 (70.3%). Infected sites followed by respiratory tract (108 cases, 46.2%), abdominal cavity (61 cases, 26.1%). Among them, 98 cases of nosocomial infection were sent to 115 specimens, isolated from 94 strains of pathogens. The distribution of bacteria was 38 strains (40.4%) of gram-negative bacteria, 28 strains (29.8%) of gram-positive bacteria and 28 strains (29.8%) of fungi. Pathogenic bacteria are Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. 45.5% of patients with nosocomial infections have undergone invasive procedures. Conclusion Liver disease with hospital infection can significantly prolong the hospital stay and aggravate the condition. Therefore, we should attach importance to the monitoring and management of nosocomial infections and reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.