人类社会如何从渔猎时代进入到农业时代,一直是人类学研究中悬而未决的难题,本文采用历史唯物主义和辩证唯物主义的方法,通过分析神农在推动中国古代社会进入农业时代时所采取的“神而化之”措施,力图证明:社会的转型无疑是从生产工具的变革开始,它必将引发社会信仰的创新,二者相结合,则会推动社会历史的巨大进步。 How the human society entered the agricultural age from fishing and hunting era has been an outstanding problem in the anthropological research. This paper uses the methods of historical materialism and dialectical materialism to analyze the “gods” adopted by Shennong in promoting the ancient Chinese society into the agricultural era In order to prove that social transformation is undoubtedly starting from the transformation of production tools, it will inevitably lead to the innovation of social beliefs. The combination of the two will promote tremendous social and historical progress.