论文部分内容阅读
种间杂交是一种拓宽栽培作物遗传基础和转移优良性状的重要手段,已经广泛地用于作物品质的改良。本研究通过芥菜型油菜(Brassica juncea L.)和白菜型油菜(Brassica rapa L.)种间杂交,将芥菜型油菜的有利性状转移到白菜型油菜中,创造新型白菜型油菜,以改良白菜型油菜的农艺性状、提高抗逆性和拓宽其遗传基础。研究结果表明:以芥菜型油菜作母本、白菜型油菜作父本的杂交组合较易获得杂交种子,杂种F1植株营养生长具有较明显的杂种优势,但花粉完全不育;以白菜型油菜回交获得的BC1F1植株间表型差异明显,平均花粉可染率为34.8%,介于0～84%之间,群体自交不亲和;BC1F2和BC2F1群体变异广泛,出现自交亲和植株和黄子植株,平均花粉可染率分别为79.7%和79.1%。
Interspecific hybridization is an important means to broaden the genetic basis of cultivated crops and to transfer fine traits. It has been widely used for the improvement of crop quality. In this study, the favorable traits of Brassica juncea L. and Brassica rapa L. were transferred to Brassica campestris to create a new Brassica campestris L. to improve cabbage type Rape agronomic traits, improve resistance and broaden their genetic basis. The results showed that hybrid seed combination of Brassica juncea and Chinese cabbage rape were easier to obtain hybrid seeds. Hybrid F1 had more obvious heterosis in vegetative growth, but the pollen was completely sterile. The BC1F1 plants exhibited obvious phenotypic differences. The average pollen dyeability was 34.8%, ranging from 0-84%. The population was self-incompatible. The BC1F2 and BC2F1 populations varied widely with self-compatible plants and Yellow plants, the average pollen dyeability were 79.7% and 79.1%.