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目的 应用生物气溶胶采集富集仪对医院空气细菌组成进行研究.方法 采用自主研发的BIO Capturer-5,于2015年3月在北京市某医院设置6个采样点,分别用含有富集磁珠和不含磁珠的采集液采集环境空气样本,用培养法分离细菌后,应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)对分离菌株进行鉴定.结果 采集空气样本20份,分离到细菌168株,其中磁珠富集法分离到菌株158株,从不含磁珠的采集液中分离菌株10株,磁珠富集效果明显.168株菌株中有157株(93.45％)鉴定到属,共15个属,其中革兰阴性菌118株(75.16％),革兰阳性菌39株(24.84％),优势属分别为不动杆菌属和芽胞杆菌属.有119株(70.84％)鉴定到种,共24个种,优势种为洛菲不动杆菌(65株).结论 生物气溶胶采集富集仪采集的细菌能够客观地反映空气样本中细菌的组成情况,为医院空气质量监测提供了新的技术手段.“,”Objective To study the airborne bacterial spectrum in the hospital by using biological aerosol collection and enrichment instrument.Methods Six sampling points were set up in a hospital in Beijing in March 2015.The environmental air samples were collected by using self-developed BIO Capturer-5 instrument with or without magnetic beads respectively.The bacteria was isolated by culture method and identified by using Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).Results A total of 20 air samples were collected and 168 strains were isolated.Among them,158 strains were isolated by using enrichment method with magnetic beads,and 10 strains were isolated from the collection without magnetic beads.The enrichment effect of magnetic beads was obvious.157 strains (93.45％) belonging to 15 genera were identified to genus,including 118 strains (75.16％) of Gram-negative bacteria and 39 strains (24.84％) of Gram-positive bacteria.The dominant genera was Acinetobacter and Bacillus.119 strains (70.84％) belonging to 24 species were identified to species.Acinetobacter lowffii was the dominant species.Conclusion The bacteria collected by using BIO Capturer-5 could reflect the bacteria spectrum of the air samples objectively.It provided a new way for the air quality monitoring in hospitals.