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为了解不同地区种质资源在农艺性状上的遗传多样性,对来自国内318份油菜种质资源品种(系)的9个农艺性状指标进行了鉴定和评价。结果表明:9个农艺性状具有较大的遗传变异潜力,变异系数最大的是有效分枝高度,为0.555296;其次是一次有效分枝数,为0.450183;变异系数最小的是千粒重,为0.157786。在不同省份所提供的种质资源中,各性状平均值差异显著,而且不同省份的品种同一性状的变幅也不同;主花絮有效长度较长和有效角果数较多的品种主要出现在株高为160~179 cm的品种中;探索了初花期与千粒重和单株产量的关系,并评价推荐了部分优良种质资源供育种应用。
In order to understand the genetic diversity of agronomic traits in germplasm in different regions, nine agronomic traits indexes from 318 domestic rapeseed germplasm resources were identified and evaluated. The results showed that the nine agronomic traits had great potential for genetic variation. The highest coefficient of variation was the effective branching height of 0.555296, followed by the number of effective branches at 0.450183. The smallest coefficient of variation was the grain weight of 0.157786. Among the germplasm resources provided by different provinces, the average value of the traits was significantly different, and the variation range of the same traits in different provinces was also different. The varieties with longer effective length and number of effective pods mainly appeared in the strains Height of 160 ~ 179 cm. The relationship between flowering stage and 1000-grain weight per plant was explored, and some excellent germplasm resources were recommended for breeding application.