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为了探讨早期生物和环境因素对早产儿智力发育的影响.方法 对283名3～8岁的早产儿进行智力发育追踪调查,随机选择283名足月正常体重儿做对照.结果 早产儿组智商(IQ)值明显低于足月儿组,统计学存在显著差异(P<0.0001).在孕周<30周早产儿中IQ<70者占80%,孕周30～32周中占43.7%;出生体重<1500g的早产儿IQ<70者占40.7%.影响早产儿智力发育的因素作多元逐步回归表明:出生孕周、体重、早期教育、新生儿疾病、孕期营养等为主要危险因素.结论 (1)尽量延长孕期、使其达34周、体重达1800g.(2)根据情况,对极低孕周,极低体重的早产儿抢救方案提出讨论.(3)注意早期干预和特殊教育,使早产儿发有潜力得到充分发挥.
To investigate the effect of early biological and environmental factors on the intellectual development of premature infants.Methods 283 premature infants aged 3-8 years were followed up for mental development and 283 normal infants with full-term infants were randomly selected.Results The scores of IQ IQ) was significantly lower than that of term infants (P <0.0001), IQ <70 in 80% gestational weeks and 43.7% gestational weeks in 30 ~ 32 weeks, <1500g preterm infants IQ <70 accounted for 40.7% .The factors that affect the mental development of premature infants as a multiple stepwise regression showed that: gestational age, weight, early education, neonatal diseases, nutrition during pregnancy as the main risk factors.Conclusions (1 ) As far as possible to extend the pregnancy, up to 34 weeks, weighing 1800g. (2) According to the situation, very low gestational age, very low birth weight preterm rescue programs are discussed. (3) pay attention to early intervention and special education, Children have the potential to get full play.