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[目的]分析1970年至今30年来浙江省居民恶性肿瘤死亡变化情况及其对居民健康和社会的危害,为制定浙江省恶性肿瘤防治工作重点和策略提供依据。[方法]采用浙江省1973～1975年,1990～1992年以及2004～2006年死因回顾调查资料,以标化死亡率、标化减寿率、平均减寿年数、工作寿命损失率和平均工作寿命损失年数等指标进行分析。[结果]浙江省的恶性肿瘤死亡率男性高于女性,城市高于农村,标化死亡率在30年间上升20.5%,男性与农村的标化死亡率分别相对女性与城市有明显上升。肺癌、膀胱癌和乳腺癌的标化死亡率分别上升了341.55%、50.81%和47.66%,宫颈癌和鼻咽癌分别下降了85.12%和44.97%。恶性肿瘤总体造成的寿命损失和工作寿命损失显著上升,其中男性前两位为肺癌和肝癌,女性为乳腺癌和肺癌。[结论]应加强肿瘤的预防控制工作特别是农村地区的工作,肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、肠癌和乳腺癌是肿瘤预防控制工作的重点。
[Objective] To analyze the change of death of malignant tumor and its harm to residents’ health and society in Zhejiang province from 1970 to the present 30 years, and provide the basis for making the key points and strategies of prevention and treatment of malignant tumor in Zhejiang Province. [Methods] The data of the cause of death from 1973 to 1975, from 1990 to 1992 and from 2004 to 2006 in Zhejiang Province were collected. The standardized mortality rate, standardized rate of longevity, average number of longevity, loss of working life and average working life Loss years and other indicators for analysis. [Results] The mortality rate of malignant tumor in Zhejiang Province was higher than that of the female population. The urbanization rate was higher in urban areas than in rural areas. The standardized mortality rate increased by 20.5% in 30 years. The standardized mortality rate in males and rural areas was significantly higher than that in females and cities respectively. The standardized mortality rate of lung cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer increased by 341.55%, 50.81% and 47.66% respectively, while that of cervical cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer decreased by 85.12% and 44.97% respectively. Malignancy caused by the overall loss of life expectancy and loss of working life significantly increased, of which the top two men were lung cancer and liver cancer, breast cancer and lung cancer in women. [Conclusion] The prevention and control of tumors should be strengthened, especially in rural areas. Lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and breast cancer are the focuses of cancer prevention and control.