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目的分析新生儿重症监护病房院内感染的途径、病原菌的分布以及耐药情况。方法回顾性分析新生儿重症监护病房病原学培养阳性的75例院内感染患儿的临床及实验室检验资料。结果病原学培养阳性的标本:血液39例,痰18例,导管9例,中段尿8例,分泌物1例。培养报告的病原菌:革兰阳性球菌42例,以表皮葡萄球菌为主;革兰阴性杆菌22例,以肺炎克雷伯杆菌为主;真菌11例,以白色念珠菌为主。细菌的耐药率很高,真菌耐药也逐渐出现。结论新生儿院内感染通过多种途径发生,以细菌感染为主,真菌感染呈上升趋势,病原体耐药情况严峻,需注意采取综合性预防措施,合理使用抗生素。
Objective To analyze the ways of nosocomial infection in neonatal intensive care unit, the distribution of pathogens and drug resistance. Methods The clinical and laboratory data of 75 children with nosocomial infection who were positive for pathogenic culture in neonatal intensive care unit were retrospectively analyzed. Results Etiological culture positive specimens: blood 39 cases, 18 cases of sputum, catheter 9 cases, 8 cases of urine, secretions in 1 case. Culture reports of pathogens: 42 cases of gram-positive cocci Staphylococcus epidermidis; Gram-negative bacilli in 22 cases, mainly Klebsiella pneumoniae; fungi in 11 cases, mainly Candida albicans. Bacterial resistance rate is high, fungal drug resistance also gradually emerged. Conclusions Infection of nosocomial newborns takes place in many ways. Bacterial infections are the main cause of nosocomial infections. Fungal infections are on the rise. Pathogenic drug resistance is serious. Comprehensive precautions should be taken and antibiotics should be used reasonably.