分别测定发作期及缓解期过敏性哮喘共２９６例和４０例健康人血嗜酸性粒细胞（Ｅｏｓ）计数，血清嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白（ＥＣＰ）和ＩｇＥ抗体。并观察了其中３０例患者吸入二丙酸倍氯米松（ＢＤＰ）４周前后上述指标和肺功能变化。结果：发作期过敏性哮喘患者血Ｅｏｓ计数，血清ＥＣＰ、ＴＩｇＥ、ｓＩｇＥ水平明显高于其它两组（均为Ｐ＜００１）。治疗前、后血Ｅｏｓ、ＥＣＰ和肺功能（ＦＥＶ１、ＰＥＦ、Ｒａｗ、ｓＧａｗ等）指标相比均有显著或非常显著性差异（Ｐ＜００５或Ｐ＜００１）。过敏性哮喘发作期病人Ｅｏｓ与ＥＣＰ水平变化呈高度正相关（ρ＝０７２１，Ｐ＜００１），而Ｅｏｓ、ＥＣＰ分别与ＦＥＶ１％呈高度负相关（ρ＝－０７８２，ρ＝－０６９５；Ｐ均＜００１）。结论：血清ＥＣＰ水平可作为哮喘气道炎症监测及指导治疗的客观指标 A total of 296 patients with allergic asthma at the onset and remission stage and 40 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Eos counts, serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and IgE antibodies were measured. The changes of these indexes and pulmonary function were observed before and after inhalation of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) in 30 of them. Results: Eos count, serum ECP, TIgE and sIgE in patients with allergic asthma at the onset stage were significantly higher than those in the other two groups (all P <001). Eos, ECP and pulmonary function (FEV1, PEF, Raw, sGaw, etc.) indicators of blood before and after treatment had significant or very significant difference (P <005 or P <001). There was a highly positive correlation between Eos and ECP levels in patients with allergic asthma (ρ = 0721, P <001), while Eos and ECP were highly negatively correlated with FEV1% (ρ = -0782, ρ = -0.695; all P <001). Conclusion: The level of serum ECP can be used as an objective indicator of airway inflammation monitoring and treatment in asthma