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桃蚜是一种重要的农业害虫,寄主广泛,种下分化复杂。以采自黄土高原旱作区桃树、烟草、甘蓝上的桃蚜为研究对象,通过叶片选择法、传统比较形态测定法研究了3种寄主上桃蚜的选择性及形态分化。结果表明:在3种寄主同时存在的情况下,烟草上的桃蚜嗜食烟草,表现为63.5%的桃蚜选择烟草叶,13.8%选择甘蓝叶,8.2%选择桃叶,而甘蓝和桃树上的桃蚜对原寄主没有表现出明显的嗜好性;从形态指标来看,3种寄主上的桃蚜在体长、触角末节长度、后足腿节长度、触角与体长的比例方面存在显著差异(P<0.05),说明这几个特征可以作为区分这3种寄主上桃蚜的依据。综合分析可以初步认为黄土高原旱作区烟草上的桃蚜可能形成了寄主专化型-烟草型。
Myzus persicae is an important agricultural pest, with extensive hosts and complicated differentiation. In this paper, peach aphids were collected from peach, tobacco and cabbage in arid area of the Loess Plateau. The selective and morphological changes of Myzus persicae on the three host species were studied by leaf selection and traditional comparative morphometry. The results showed that the tobacco aphids consumed tobacco with 63.5% of the green peach aphids selecting tobacco leaves, 13.8% selecting cabbage leaves and 8.2% selecting peach leaves when the three hosts coexisted, while on cabbage and peach Of the green peach aphid showed no preference for the original host; morphological indicators, the three host Myzus persicales in body length, the length of the antennae, hind leg length, antennae and body length ratio of significant (P <0.05), indicating that these characteristics can be used as the basis for distinguishing Myzus persicae from the three host species. Comprehensive analysis may initially believe that the aphids on the tobacco in the Loess Plateau may be the host of aphids - tobacco type.