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[目的]筛选具有生防潜力的大豆疫霉拮抗菌,为寻找病害防控措施、设计新的疫病控制策略提供基础。[方法]从黑龙江省3个不同地区采集大豆根围土壤样本并分离各类土壤微生物,采用对峙培养法筛选出对大豆疫霉有拮抗作用的微生物,并在此基础上测定拮抗力较强微生物对大豆疫霉菌的生长抑制率及其对大豆疫病的控制作用。[结果]从土壤中分离得到1株拮抗效果相对较好的细菌,命名为B048菌株。对峙试验结果显示,拮抗细菌B048菌株对大豆疫霉的生长抑制率达97.5%;拮抗持久力测定显示,在与大豆疫霉对峙培养21d时抑菌带宽度仍达20.0mm;在盆栽试验中,B048对大豆疫病的防治效果为100%。经形态学和16S rDNA序列分析,初步鉴定该拮抗细菌为短小芽孢杆菌(Bacil-lus pumilus)。[结论]拮抗细菌B048菌株具有较好的开发成大豆疫病生物防治菌的前景。
[Objective] The research aimed to screen the antagonistic bacteria of Phytophthora sojae with potential of biocontrol potential to provide basis for searching for disease prevention and control measures and designing new epidemic control strategies. [Method] Soybean rhizosphere soil samples were collected from 3 different areas of Heilongjiang Province and various kinds of soil microorganisms were isolated. The antagonistic microorganisms against Phytophthora sojae were screened out by confrontation culture method. On this basis, the antagonistic microorganisms Growth Inhibition Rate of Phytophthora sojae and Its Control on Soybean Blight. [Result] One strain with relatively antagonistic effect was isolated from soil and named as B048 strain. The results of confrontation test showed that the inhibitory rate of antagonistic bacterial strain B048 to Phytophthora sojae was 97.5%. The antagonistic endurance test showed that the antibacterial band width still reached 20.0mm when confronted with P. sojae for 21 days. In the pot experiment, B048 on the prevention and treatment of soybean disease is 100%. The morphological and 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that the antagonistic bacterium was Bacil-lus pumilus. [Conclusion] The antagonistic bacterium B048 strain had a good prospect of developing into a biological control of soybean disease.