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目的观察小剂量红霉素治疗早产儿喂养不耐受的临床疗效及安全性。方法将84例早产儿随机分为观察组和对照组,两组患儿均给予保暖、部分静脉营养、维持水电解质及酸碱平衡、鼻饲微量喂养及非营养性吸吮等综合治疗,观察组在此治疗基础上加用小剂量红霉素3～5 mg/(kg.d)加入5%葡萄糖溶液20 ml静脉滴注,1次/d,连用10 d。观察两组治疗效果、自行吸吮母乳时间、恢复出生体重时间、达到足量胃肠喂养时间、胃管留置时间和住院时间、药物不良反应。结果观察组显效率和总有效率分别达83.3%和95.2%,明显高于对照组的52.4%和81.0%(P﹤0.01);自行吸吮母乳时间、恢复出生体重时间、达到足量胃肠喂养时间、胃管留置时间及住院时间均比对照组明显缩短(P均﹤0.01);两组患儿未见明显不良反应,肝肾功能正常。结论小剂量红霉素治疗早产儿喂养不耐受疗效显著、安全性好,肠道喂养成功率提高,促进体质量增长,有较好的临床应用价值。
Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of low-dose erythromycin in preventing intolerance in preterm infants. Methods Eighty-four preterm infants were randomly divided into observation group and control group. Both groups were given warmth, partial parenteral nutrition, water and electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, nasal feeding and non-nutritive sucking. The observation group On the basis of this treatment, a small dose of erythromycin 3 ~ 5 mg / (kg.d) plus 5% glucose solution 20 ml intravenous infusion, once / d, once every 10 d. The therapeutic effects of two groups were observed, breast-sucking time was self-absorbed, time of birth weight recovery, time of adequate gastrointestinal feeding, gastric tube indwelling time and hospitalization time, and adverse drug reactions were observed. Results The effective rate and total effective rate of the observation group were 83.3% and 95.2%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the control group (52.4% and 81.0%, P <0.01) Time, gastric tube indwelling time and hospitalization time were significantly shorter than those in control group (all P <0.01). There was no obvious adverse reaction in both groups and liver and kidney function was normal. Conclusion Low dose of erythromycin in treatment of preterm infants with intolerance significant effect, good safety, increased success rate of intestinal feeding, and promote the growth of body weight, have a good clinical value.