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目的了解我国煤炭企业粉尘的管理现状及粉尘管理中存在的问题,为制定尘肺防治工作计划、修订煤炭企业粉尘管理政策提供参考依据。方法根据企业生产粉尘的性质、生产水平、生产方式、地域分布等特点选择具有粉尘危害的5家煤炭企业作为现场研究及示范基地;以接尘人员为调查对象进行面对面问卷调查,对职业病防治人员、工程技术人员及粉尘监测人员进行个人深入访谈。用Ep iData 3.0建立数据库,使用SAS软件进行统计分析。结果所调查的5家煤炭企业对粉尘危害及预防知识的宣传力度不够,职业健康体检工作不到位,防尘措施不完善,粉尘浓度监测可能存在漏洞;接尘人员自我防护意识差,对国家相关法规认识程度低。结论5家煤矿企业粉尘管理工作不完善,仍需采取相应措施。针对此问题提出了相关建议,为国家修订粉尘危害管理政策提供参考依据。
Objective To understand the status quo of dust management in coal enterprises and the problems in dust management in our country and provide reference for formulating pneumoconiosis prevention and control work plans and revising the dust management policies of coal enterprises. Methods Five coal enterprises with dust hazards were selected as the site research and demonstration bases according to the characteristics of production dust, production level, production methods and geographical distribution. Face-to-face questionnaires were conducted to investigate the dust-exposed workers and the occupational disease prevention and control personnel , Engineering and technical personnel and dust monitoring personnel in-depth personal interviews. Using Ep iData 3.0 to build the database, using SAS software for statistical analysis. Results The five coal enterprises surveyed did not make enough publicity about dust hazard and prevention knowledge, occupational health examination was not in place, and the dust prevention measures were imperfect and there was a possibility of loopholes in dust concentration monitoring. Regulatory awareness is low. Conclusion The dust management of five coal mines is not perfect, and corresponding measures still need to be taken. In view of this problem, some suggestions are put forward to provide reference for the country to amend the dust hazard management policy.