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目的了解浙江省上虞市1～59岁人群病毒性乙型肝炎(乙肝)感染现状,评价实施大规模乙肝疫苗(HepB)接种后的效果。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,抽取664人进行了乙肝血清流行病学调查,用ELISA方法检测了乙肝病毒(HBV)表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)和乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc)。结果上虞市1～59岁人群HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc阳性率分别是5.57%、53.46%、32.83%,1～14岁人群HBsAg阳性率为1.37%。做过创伤性美容、经常去洗浴场所(足浴店)修脚是HBsAg阳性的危险因素,拔牙、补牙、洗牙等口腔诊疗史,经常去理发店修面、修体毛或刮胡须是HBV自然感染的危险因素。与1992年病毒性肝炎血清流行病学调查结果相比,全人群HBsAg携带率下降47.80%(χ2=7.12,P<0.01)。结论接种HepB是控制人群HBV感染的有效措施,能明显提高抗-HBs阳性率,降低HBsAg携带率,提高人群对HBV的免疫保护能力。
Objective To investigate the status of viral hepatitis B (HBV) infection in people aged 1 ~ 59 in Shangyu City, Zhejiang Province and evaluate the effect of HepB vaccination. Methods A multistage stratified random sampling method was used to collect 664 serological samples of hepatitis B patients and the detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B virus surface antibody (anti-HBs) and hepatitis B virus Virus core antibody (anti-HBc). Results The positive rates of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc in Shangyu patients aged 1-59 years were 5.57%, 53.46% and 32.83%, respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg in patients aged from 1 to 14 was 1.37%. Has done traumatic beauty, often go to the bath (foot bath shop) pedicure is a positive risk factor for HBsAg, tooth extraction, fill teeth, scaling and other oral clinic history, often go to the barber shop shaving, grooming or shaving is HBV natural infection Risk factors. Compared with the results of the serological survey of viral hepatitis in 1992, the overall population carrying rate of HBsAg decreased by 47.80% (χ2 = 7.12, P <0.01). Conclusion Inoculation of HepB is an effective measure to control HBV infection in the population. It can significantly increase the positive rate of anti-HBs, reduce the carrier rate of HBsAg and enhance the population’s immune protection ability against HBV.