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用石油醚和乙酸乙酯分别对白背黄花稔Sida rhombifolia L.地上部分的乙醇提取物进行萃取,得不同萃取相;测定了乙醇提取物及不同萃取相对白纹伊蚊Aedes albopictus Skuse 4龄幼虫和福寿螺Ampullaria gigas Spix的毒杀活性。结果表明,乙醇提取物和乙酸乙酯相对白纹伊蚊4龄幼虫的杀虫活性明显,而石油醚相和乙醇提取物对福寿螺的杀螺活性较好。对乙酸乙酯相进一步分离得到11个化合物,经核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)和碳谱(13C NMR)鉴定其分别为已知化合物:间-羟基苯甲酸(1)、棕榈酸1-甘油酯(2)、丁香酸(3)、没食子酸(4)、β-谷甾醇(5)、豆甾醇(6)、东莨菪内酯(7)、山奈酚(8)、5-羟基-7,4’-二甲氧基二氢黄酮(9)、3-O-β-D-葡萄糖-(6-O-对羟基反式香豆酰基)-山奈素苷(10)和β-谷甾醇-3-O-葡萄糖苷(11)。其中化合物2对白纹伊蚊4龄幼虫具有较好的杀虫活性,24 h和48 h的LC50值分别为28.66和13.50μg/mL。
Ethanol extracts from the aerial parts of Sida rhombifolia L. were extracted with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate, respectively, to obtain different extraction phases. The ethanol extract and the extraction of the 4th instar larvae of Aedes albopictus Skuse Poison activity of Ampullaria gigas Spix. The results showed that ethanol extract and ethyl acetate had significant insecticidal activity against 4th instar larvae of Aedes albopictus, while petroleum ether and ethanol extracts had better activity against snails. Further separation of the ethyl acetate phase gave eleven compounds which were identified by 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra respectively: m-hydroxybenzoic acid (1), 1-glycerol palmitate (3), gallic acid (4), β-sitosterol (5), stigmasterol (6), scopolactone (7), kaempferol (8), 5- hydroxy-7 Dimethoxyflavanone (9), 3-O-β-D-glucose- (6-O-hydroxy transcoumarono) -anseritin (10) and β- sitosterol -3-O-glucoside (11). Among them, compound 2 had good insecticidal activity against 4th instar larvae of Aedes albopictus, with LC50 values of 28.66 and 13.50μg / mL at 24 and 48 h, respectively.