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目的了解广西壮族自治区农村地区6～24月龄婴幼儿的生长发育现状及其影响因素,为改善当地儿童生长发育水平提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取广西横县、宾阳县和灵山县8个乡的1 198名6～24月龄婴幼儿家长进行问卷调查,并由经过统一培训的人员测量婴幼儿的身长、体重。结果广西壮族自治区农村地区6～24月龄婴幼儿体重和身长均低于中国9市标准人群,且随年龄增加,儿童身长、体重差距逐渐增大;广西农村地区6～24月龄婴幼儿营养不良发生率为21.9%(262/1 198),其中低体重和生长迟缓的发生率分别为16.2%(194/1 198)和13.5%(162/1 198);不同月龄婴幼儿比较,生长迟缓和营养不良发生率差异均有统计学意义(P=0.000);多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明,≥12月龄、孩次为第2个及以后和不饮用开水是婴幼儿发生营养不良的危险因素,正常产是婴幼儿发生营养不良的保护因素。结论广西农村地区婴幼儿低体重和生长迟缓发生率较高;月龄较大、早产儿和孩次靠后的婴幼儿是发生营养不良的高危人群。
Objective To understand the status of growth and development of infants and young children aged 6-24 months in rural areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and its influencing factors and provide reference for improving the growth and development of local children. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to collect questionnaires from 1 198 parents of infants and young children aged 6 to 24 months in eight townships of Heng County, Binyang County and Lingshan County in Guangxi. The parents of infants and young children The length and weight. Results The body weight and length of infants from 6 to 24 months of age in rural areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were lower than those of the 9 standard cities in China. With the increase of age, the differences of body height and weight of children gradually increased. The nutrition of infants and young children aged 6-24 months The incidence of adverse reactions was 21.9% (262/1 198). The incidences of low birth weight and growth retardation were 16.2% (194/1 198) and 13.5% (162/1 198) respectively. The infants There were significant differences in the incidence of bradycardia and malnutrition (P = 0.000). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that malnutrition occurred in infants and young children who were ≥12 months old, Risk factors, normal production is infants and young children malnutrition protection factor. Conclusion The prevalence of low birth weight and growth retardation in infants and young children in Guangxi rural areas is relatively high. The infants who are older, premature infants and children are the most at risk of malnutrition.