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通过室内浸泡实验改变三种阳离子Na+、H+、NH+4浓度、浸泡时间,对其动力学和热力学行为进行研究,分析土壤浸出液总硬度变化情况,以找出地下水总硬度随外界条件的变化规律,探究地下水硬度变化机理,为减轻该区地下水硬度升高对人类健康、工农业生产的危害及深入研究地下水总硬度变化机理提供理论依据。实验结果表明:三种阳离子对土壤浸出液总硬度影响不同,NH+4交换出的总硬度最大,H+次之,Na+最小;对同一土层土壤,加入外界浸泡液的浓度越大,交换总硬度的速率越大,交换量也越大;三种阳离子的浸泡液可在1h内将土壤中大部分钙镁交换出,遇有长达1h的强降雨或漫灌,Ca2+、Mg2+会逐步向下迁移,最终引起地下水总硬度升高。
The changes of total hardness of soil leachate were analyzed by changing the concentrations of three kinds of cations Na +, H +, NH + 4 and immersion time through indoor immersion test to study the dynamic and thermodynamic behavior of the soil leachate to find the variation law of total hardness of groundwater with the external conditions , To explore the mechanism of groundwater hardness changes, in order to reduce the groundwater hardness in the area of human health, industrial and agricultural production hazards and in-depth study of groundwater hardness mechanism to provide a theoretical basis. The experimental results show that the three cations have different effects on the total hardness of the leachate, the total hardness exchanging NH + 4 is the largest, followed by H +, and Na + is the smallest. For the same soil, the greater the concentration of external immersion liquid, The greater the rate of exchange, the greater the amount of exchange; three cations soaking liquid can be most of the soil calcium and magnesium in 1 h exchanging, in case of up to 1 h of heavy rainfall or flood irrigation, Ca2 +, Mg2 + will Gradually downward migration eventually led to increased total groundwater hardness.