目的:观察水冲法抛光后囊预防超声乳化术后后囊浑浊的效果。方法:本研究为前瞻性随机病例对照研究。郴州市第一人民医院2015年10月至2017年10月年龄相关性白内障行超声乳化术202例(240只眼)按随机数字表法分为两组，试验组100例(120只眼)采用水冲法抛光后囊和对照组102例(120只眼)采用传统抛光法。随访24个月，比较两组术中术后并发症发生率、后囊浑浊发生及处理。结果:两组术中均未发生后囊破裂等并发症。术后残余皮质的发生率，试验组为0.83%(1/120)，低于对照组的9.17%(11/20)(n χ2＝8.772，n P＝0.003)。术后12及24个月，试验组后囊浑浊发生率为3.30%及8.33%，低于对照组的10.83%(13/120)及27.50%(33/120)(n χ2＝5.128，14.988；n P<0.05)。术后24个月内实施了Nd：YAG激光后囊切开术者，试验组9只眼(7.50%)少于对照组29只眼(24.17%)(n χ2＝12.507，n P<0.05)。n 结论:水冲法抛光后囊预防年龄相关性白内障行超声乳化术后后囊浑浊是一种简单、安全、有效的方法。“,”Objective:To observe the efficacy of water washing and polishing posterior lens capsule for prevention of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after phacoemulsification.Methods:This was a prospective randomized case-control study.A total of 240 eyes of 202 patients with age-related cataract from Oct. 2015 to Oct. 2017 in the First People’s Hospital of Chenzhou District were divided into two groups based on random number table method: the trial group and the control group. The trial group with 120 eyes of 100 cases underwent water washing and polishing posterior lens capsule.The control group with 120 eyes of 102 cases received conventional polishing operation. After 24 months follow-up, the incidence of complication during and after operation, PCO and treatment were compared between the two groups.Results:There were no complications such as posterior capsule rupture in the two groups. There was a significant difference in the incidence of residual cortex between the clinical trial group (0.83%, 1/120) and the control group [9.17%(11/120)] (n χ2=8.772, n P=0.003). The incidences of PCO in the clinical trial group were 3.3% (4/120) and 8.33% (10/120), which were lower than the 10.83% (13/120) and the 27.50% (33/120) in the control group at 12 and 24 months after operation(n χ2=5.128, 14.988, n P<0.05). Within 24 months after operation, 9 eyes (7.50%) in the clinical trial group and 29 eyes (24.17%) in the control group underwent Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy (n χ2=12.507, n P<0.05).n Conclusion:It is a simple, safe and effective method to prevent PCO after phacoemulsification by washing and polishing posterior capsule with water.