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目的 观察多发性骨髓瘤和淋巴细胞白血病患者血清中免疫球蛋白亚类、ＩＬ－４ 和ＩＬ－６ 的含量变化。方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法测定了５０ 例多发性骨髓瘤（ＭＭ）和淋巴细胞白血病患者血清ＩｇＧ亚类、ＩＬ－４ 和ＩＬ－６ 水平；用免疫单向琼脂扩散法测定了ＩｇＡ亚类水平；并对上述部分参数进行相关分析。结果 ＭＭ 患者中，ＩｇＧ型最多，副蛋白主要分布于ＩｇＧ１ 和ＩｇＧ２ ，其ＩｇＡ及亚类多缺乏；ＩｇＡ１ 型患者血清ＩｇＧ１ 明显降低。病程较长和复发的ＡＬＬ患者血清ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ和ＩｇＧ１ 水平均明显低于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０－０５）；初发ＡＬＬ患者接近正常水平。绝大多数ＡＬＬ患者ＩｇＡ１ 和ＩｇＡ２ 水平明显低于正常。同时发现ＡＬＬ患者血清ＩｇＧ１ 水平与ＩＬ－ ４ 含量呈正相关（ｒ＝０－６６８ ，Ｐ＜０－０５） 。结论 多发性骨髓瘤和淋巴细胞白血病患者容易合并免疫球蛋白亚类缺乏。
Objective To observe the changes of serum immunoglobulin subclasses, IL-4 and IL-6 in patients with multiple myeloma and lymphocytic leukemia. Methods Serum IgG subclasses, IL-4 and IL-6 levels were measured in 50 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and lymphocytic leukemia by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IgA subclass levels ; And some of the above parameters for correlation analysis. Results Among the patients with MM, the IgG type was the most. Paracrine protein was mainly distributed in IgG1 and IgG2, and IgA and subclasses were mostly deficient. The serum IgG1 in patients with IgA1 was significantly lower. Serum IgG, IgA and IgG1 levels were significantly lower in patients with longer duration and relapsed ALL than those in normal controls (P <0-05). Initial ALL patients were close to normal levels. The vast majority of ALL patients IgA1 and IgA2 levels were significantly lower than normal. At the same time, it was found that serum IgG1 levels in ALL patients were positively correlated with IL-4 levels (r = 0-668, P <0-05). Conclusions Patients with multiple myeloma and lymphocytic leukemia are susceptible to lack of immunoglobulin subclasses.