70年代末,西方一些国家因财政赤字逐年增加、通货膨胀加剧、国内市场僵化,经济出现“滞胀”局面。这表明凯恩斯主义的膨胀性财政和货币政策已经走向它的反面。80年代,西方各主要国家在经济政策的指导思想上和实践中,都逐渐摒弃凯恩斯主义,转而倡导和实施供应学派和货币主义的理论、政策主张。在这种背景下。西方主要国家出现了一种“保守主义思 In the late 1970s, due to the year-on-year increase of fiscal deficits, inflation in some western countries, the rigid domestic market and the emergence of ”stagflation“ in the economy. This shows that Keynesian expansionary fiscal and monetary policies have come to its opposite. In the 1980s, all major Western countries gradually abandoned Keynesianism in the guiding ideology and practice of economic policies and instead advocated and implemented the theories and policies of supply schools and monetarism. under such circumstances. The main Western countries have emerged as a kind of ”conservative thinking