1轴承滚动轴承是转动机构中不可缺少的机械要素。图1为深槽式滚珠轴承。轴承由内圈、外圈、内外圈之间滚动的滚动体（滚珠或滚柱）、隔离滚动体的保持架及润滑剂（油或脂）构成。轴承是铁道车辆尤其是走行装置的重要部件（图2）。走行装置由电动机、驱动装置、轮轴构成。轴承损 1 Bearing Rolling is an indispensable rotating machine mechanical elements. Figure 1 is a deep groove ball bearing. Bearings from the inner ring, outer ring, rolling between the inner and outer ring rolling body (ball or roller), isolation rolling cage and lubricant (oil or grease) composition. Bearings are an important part of rail vehicles, especially running gear (Figure 2). Walking device by the motor, drive, axle composition. Bearing damage