象征是小说家们喜爱采用的一种艺术技巧。传统意义上的象征是通过某一特定的具体形象以表现与之相近或相似的概念、思想和感情,它把抽象的概念、思想、感情表现为可以感知的具体的形象。高行健先生认为,“象征往往是以一个比较复杂的内涵丰富的形象作为基础,作家在运用这一形象时又糅合了自己的种种理解……象征 Symbolism is a type of artistic skill that novelists love. The symbol in the traditional sense is through a specific concrete image to show similar or similar concepts, thoughts and feelings. It presents abstract concepts, thoughts and feelings as concrete images that can be perceived. Gao Xingjian believes that ”symbolism is often based on a more complex connotation of rich images, writers in the use of this image while blending their own understanding ...... Symbol