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目的:通过研究老年人多种颌位的咬合观察及前伸咬合运动中前牙的接触模式与牙弓形状的关系,探讨老年人的动态咬合下的接触特征,为临床修复重建提供理论依据。方法:本研究共86例老年患者,通过口内视诊确定牙弓形态。采用厚度为8um的Bausch咬合测试膜检查下颌各个非正中颌位的接触:侧方移动至包括下颌0.5mm、尖对尖接触位置及前伸移动至前牙切对切接触位置。结果:下颌侧方移动至0.5mm时,30.2%受试者为双侧组牙功能,20.1%为混合尖牙保护和组牙功能。下颌侧方移动至尖对尖接触位置时,45.3%的受试者为双侧尖牙保护,17.4%为双侧组牙功能。下颌向前滑动至上、下前牙切对切接触位置时,80.2%的受试者前牙存在接触,后牙分离。前牙的牙合接触模式与牙列形状的关系:71.4%方圆型牙弓受试者是I型前牙接触模式;63.9%尖圆型牙弓受试者为II型前牙接触模式;对于卵圆型牙弓受试者,前牙接触模式I型和II型均占40%。结论:老年患者具有特殊的动态接触特征。前伸咬合运动中前牙的接触模式与牙弓形状关系密切,修复重建需要考虑这种关系。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the occlusal contact characteristics of elderly patients under dynamic occlusion and to provide theoretical basis for the clinical repair and reconstruction by studying the occlusion observation of various kinds of jaws in the elderly and the relationship between the occlusal contact pattern of anterior teeth and the shape of dental arch in the process of foregone occlusion in accordance with. Methods: A total of 86 elderly patients in our study were diagnosed by means of intraoral visualization. Bausch occlusal test film with a thickness of 8um was used to check the contact of each non-median jaw of the mandible. The lateral movement was performed to include the mandibular 0.5mm, the point-to-point contact position and the advancement movement to the frontal incisor contact point. Results: When the lateral mandibular movement to 0.5mm, 30.2% of the subjects were bilateral tarsal , 20.1% of the mixed canine and 牙 group teeth . 45.3% of the subjects had bifida canines and 17.4% had bilateral 牙 teeth when moving to the tip-to-tip contact side. When the lower jaw slid forward and the lower anterior incisor and the incisor were in contact with each other, 80.2% of the subjects had anterior contact with the posterior teeth, and the posterior teeth were separated. The relationship between occlusal contact mode and dentition shape of the anterior teeth: 71.4% of the patients with radius-typed dental arch were Type I anterior contact; 63.9% of the patients with round-shaped arch were Type II anterior contact ; For oval dental arch subjects, anterior contact fold type I and type II both account for 40%. Conclusion: Elderly patients have a special dynamic contact characteristics. Prosthetic bite movement anterior teeth contact mode is closely related with the shape of the dental arch, repair and reconstruction need to consider this relationship.