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为了评价高速铁路25 kV电压等级接触网接触线对车厢内电磁环境影响的安全性,利用COMSOL Multiphysics软件,以CRH5型动车组为蓝本,建立了真实车厢、接触网接触线和不同姿态乘客的电磁模型,仿真分析了由接触线产生的工频磁场对车厢内乘客电磁暴露的情况,并与无车厢时对接触线下方乘客直接电磁暴露的情况进行了对比。仿真研究结果表明:在有铝合金车体提供屏蔽保护时乘客位置的磁感应强度值均远远小于无铝合金车体提供屏蔽保护时的值,这说明铝合金车体能有效地屏蔽工频磁场;在车厢中位于车窗边的乘客头部磁感应强度、感应电场强度的最大值要比位于车厢中部站姿乘客头部相应的值大;乘客头部磁感应强度、感应电场强度的最大值均小于国际非电离防护委员会(ICNIRP)制定的公众电磁暴露基本限值。该仿真研究说明25 kV电压等级接触网接触线的电磁暴露对乘客健康的影响是安全的。
In order to evaluate the safety of the contact line of 25 kV voltage line of high-speed railway on the electromagnetic environment in the passenger compartment, COMSOL Multiphysics software and the CRH5-type EMU are used as the prototype to establish the real compartment, contact line contact line and electromagnetic Model was used to simulate the electromagnetic field exposure of passengers in the passenger compartment by the power frequency magnetic field generated by the contact line and compared with the direct electromagnetic exposure of passengers under the contact line without the passenger compartment. The simulation results show that the magnetic induction intensity of the passenger at the location where the aluminum alloy body provides shielding protection is far less than that of the aluminum alloy body providing shielding protection. This shows that the aluminum alloy body can effectively shield the power frequency magnetic field. The maximum magnetic induction intensity of the passenger’s head located in the passenger compartment in the passenger compartment is larger than the passenger’s head located in the middle of the passenger compartment. The maximum values of the magnetic induction and the induced electric field of passenger’s head are less than those of the international Basic Limits for Public Electromagnetic Exposure by the Non-Ionizing Protection Council (ICNIRP). This simulation study shows that the impact of electromagnetic exposure on the contact line of the catenary at a voltage of 25 kV on the passenger’s health is safe.