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巴赫金,苏联杰出的语文学家、文学理论家、批评家。他的大量学术著作研究史诗、小说、艺术形式与内容、文学语言诸问题,揭示诗学范畴的哲学、价值意义,并探讨陀思妥耶夫斯基小说的“复调”形式,以及拉伯雷创作所反映的中世纪民间文化。巴赫金的学术成就在西方受到极大的重视,在苏联国内自60年代以来亦引起更多的注意。我国《世界文学》1982年第4期上曾译介过他的《陀思妥耶夫斯基的复调小说和评论界对它的阐述》。现在再将美国耶鲁大学出版社1985年出版的《俄国文学手册》(泰勒士主编)一书中的巴赫金的条目译介如下,供读者参考。本条目作者霍尔奎斯特原系美国印第安纳大学斯拉夫语文系主任,现任教于耶鲁大学,是有名的巴赫金研究者。文章题名及注释是译者加的。·译者·
Bakhtin, a prominent Soviet-language linguist, literary theorist, critic. His numerous academic works study epics, novels, art forms and contents, literary language problems, reveal the philosophical significance and value of poetical categories, and explore the “polyphonic” forms of Dostoyevski novels, as well as Medieval folk culture reflected in Rabelais’ creation. Bakhtin’s academic achievements have gained great prominence in the West and have drawn more attention in the Soviet Union since the 1960s. His “Dostoyevsky’s Polyphonic Novels and Criticism Circles” was translated in the fourth edition of World Literature in China in 1982. Now I will translate the entries of Bakhtin in the Russian Literature Handbook (edited by the Taylor House) published by the Yale University Press in 1985 for reference. The original author of the entry is Holquin Quest, head of the Slavic language department at Indiana University, currently teaching at Yale University and is a famous Bakhtin researcher. Article title and comment is translator plus. · Translator