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巨细胞病毒(CMV)是肾移植术后最重要的致病微生物之一,CMV感染对肾移植受者可能导致的直接影响如CMV肺炎、肠炎及肝炎等为人熟知;而对肾移植受者的间接影响多被低估,包括移植肾排斥、继发感染(细菌、真菌和二次病毒感染)、恶性肿瘤、移植后糖尿病、心血管并发症、淋巴细胞增生病(PTLD)以及人、肾存活率下降等。肾移植受者术前透析及术后应用免疫抑制剂,会显著增加CMV感染途径及感染风险,使原发感染和潜伏感染被重新激活的可能性增加,引起一系列不良反应;因此,对于肾移植受者CMV感染的早期诊断和防治至关重要。对于CMV感染的防治策略,目前倾向采用早期优先治疗和预防性治疗。
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most important pathogenic microorganisms after kidney transplantation. The direct effects of CMV infection on renal transplant recipients such as CMV pneumonia, enteritis and hepatitis are well known; while for CMV recipients Indirect effects are mostly underestimated, including renal allograft rejection, secondary infections (bacterial, fungal and secondary viral infections), malignancies, posttransplant diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular complications, lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) and renal and renal survival Drop and so on. Preoperative dialysis of kidney transplant recipients and postoperative immunosuppressive agents can significantly increase the risk of CMV infection and infection and increase the probability of reactivation of primary and latent infections and cause a series of adverse reactions. Therefore, for kidney The early diagnosis and prevention of CMV infection in transplant recipients is of crucial importance. For the prevention and treatment of CMV infection strategy, the current preference for early priority treatment and prophylactic treatment.