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目的:对贵州省麻风病高流行区黔西南州、安顺市2010~2015年新复发病人家内接触者发病情况进行描述及分析,为麻风病防治监测及病人早发现工作提供指导依据。方法:对麻风病患者及家内接触者的基本情况进行调查,采用描述性统计分析方法分析家内接触者发病特点。结果:黔西南州、安顺市2010~2015年新复发麻风患者362例,共344户,其中56户为麻风病多发家庭,有明确家庭内传染源的占同期发现病例数的21.55%;家内感染者发现方式以主动发现为主;多菌型(MB)麻风患者家内接触者中发病明显高于少菌型(PB)麻风患者家内接触者(P<0.05)。结论:麻风患者的家内接触者仍是贵州省今后麻风监测中需关注的重点人群;接触者检查和线索调查在麻风高流行地区对早期发现麻风家内感染者仍有其重要意义。
OBJECTIVE: To describe and analyze the incidence of domestic contacts among newly relapsed patients from 2010 to 2015 in Qianxinan Prefecture and Anshun City, Guizhou Province, with high prevalence of leprosy in Guizhou Province, so as to provide guidance for prevention and control of leprosy disease and early detection of patients. Methods: To investigate the basic situation of patients with leprosy and their contacts within the family, and to analyze the characteristics of the incidence of intra-family contacts using descriptive statistical analysis. Results: 362 newly relapsed leprosy patients from 2010 to 2015 in Anshun City of Qianxinan Prefecture were 344 in total, of which 56 were leprosy-prone families with 21.55% of the total cases found in families. The prevalence of inbreeding in patients with multi-bacterium (MB) leprosy was significantly higher than that in households with leprosy (PB) leprosy (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Domestic contacts of people with leprosy are still the key population to be monitored in future in leprosy surveillance of Guizhou Province. Contact examination and clues investigation are still important for early detection of leprosy in-person infections in areas with high prevalence of leprosy.