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目的 研究气候变暖对中国大陆钉螺分布的潜在影响 ,实验测定钉螺适生性中的重要因子冬眠温度和越冬致死温度。方法 现场采集江苏省湖沼地区的湖北钉螺指名亚种 (O.hupensishupensis) ,在实验室采用模拟自然环境逐步改变温度的方法分别进行实验测定。结果 钉螺半数冬眠温度 (ET50 )为 5 .87℃ (95 %可信区间为 5 .3 2 -6.2 3℃ ) ;13℃以下温度与钉螺冬眠率间的 logistic回归方程为 :Y=10 1/(1+ e0 .83 73 0 4x-5.44 2 476) (F =3 5 7.85 4,P<0 .0 0 1)。钉螺在干燥和潮湿环境中的低温半数致死温度 (L T50 )分别为 -2 .3 4℃ (95 %可信区间为 -2 .19℃至 -2 .5 1℃ )和 -2 .72℃ (95 %可信区间为 -2 .5 4℃至 -2 .91℃ ) ,低温和钉螺死亡率间的 logistic回归方程分别为 :Y干 =10 1/(1+e1 .3 3 54 99x+3 .3 3 8748) (F =5 7.677,P<0 .0 0 1) ;Y潮 =10 1/(1+ e0 .92 1 0 3 4 x+2 .763 1 0 2 ) (F =69.866,P<0 .0 0 1)。结论 11℃以下钉螺开始出现冬眠现象 ;钉螺对低温的耐受性在干燥环境中比在潮湿环境中弱
Objective To study the potential impact of climate warming on distribution of Oncomelania snails in mainland China and to determine the hibernation temperature and lethal temperature of winter wintering, an important factor in the adaptability of snails. Methods On the spot, O. hupensishupensis was collected from the lakeshore area of Jiangsu Province. The experiment was carried out in the laboratory by gradually changing the temperature by simulating the natural environment. Results The half-value of hibernation temperature (ET50) was 5.87 ℃ (95% confidence interval was 5.32-6.2 3 ℃). The logistic regression equation between temperature below 13 ℃ and snail hibernation rate was Y = 10 1 / (1 + e0 .83 73 0 4x-5.44 2 476) (F = 3 5 7.85 4, P <0 0 01). The low temperature lethal temperature (L T50) of snails in dry and humid environments were -2.34 ℃ (95% confidence interval -2.19 ℃ -2.51 ℃) and -2.72 ℃ (95% confidence interval -2.54 ° C to -2.91 ° C). The logistic regression equations between the hypothermia and the snail death rates were: Y = 10 1 / (1 + e1 .3 3 54 99x +3.33 8748) (F = 5 7.677, P <0.001); Y tide = 10 1 / (1+ e0 .92 1 0 3 4 x +2 .763 1 0 2) (F = 69.866, P <0 0 0 1). Conclusion Snails begin to appear dormancy below 11 ℃. Snails have low tolerance to low temperature in dry environment than in humid environment