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目的了解深圳口岸出入境人员HIV感染的特点,为口岸艾滋病监测工作以及加强对艾滋病高危人群的行为干预提供科学依据。方法初筛试验采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、明胶颗粒凝集试验(PA法)、胶体硒法;阳性标本采用免疫蛋白印迹法(WB)确认。对HIV抗体确认阳性者进行流行病学调查,并对流行病学调查资料进行统计分析。结果2002-2005年共对229 969名出入境人员进行艾滋病血清学检测,检出HIV抗体阳性者28例,总检出率为0.12‰。28例HIV感染者中外籍人员占60.7%,感染率为0.4‰;30-39岁为高发年龄组,占42.9%;男性感染者明显高于女性感染者;未婚感染者高于已婚感染者;从职业分布看技术人员、商务人员和驾驶员比例最大;并且以不洁性行为为主要传播方式。结论中国艾滋病传入的风险高于传出的风险。应加强口岸高危人群的艾滋病监测力度,加强对出入境人员艾滋病防治知识的宣传教育和行为干预,防止艾滋病在国际间的传播。
Objective To understand the characteristics of HIV infection in entry-exit persons in Shenzhen Port and provide a scientific basis for AIDS monitoring in port and to strengthen behavioral intervention for those at high risk of AIDS. Methods The primary screening test was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), gelatin particle agglutination test (PA method) and colloidal selenium method. The positive samples were confirmed by Western blotting (WB). Epidemiological survey of HIV-positive patients, and statistical analysis of epidemiological survey data. Results A total of 229 969 immigrants from 2002 to 2005 were tested for HIV seropositivity. Totally 28 HIV positive cases were detected, with a total detection rate of 0.12 ‰. 28 cases of HIV-infected persons accounted for 60.7% of foreign nationals, the infection rate was 0.4 ‰; 30-39-year-old age group, accounting for 42.9%; men were significantly higher than those infected women infected; unmarried persons infected Higher than that of married persons infected. The proportion of technicians, business people and drivers was the largest among the occupational distributions; and the unclear sex was the main mode of transmission. Conclusion The risk of AIDS transmission in China is higher than the risk of transmission. HIV / AIDS surveillance at high-risk groups should be stepped up. Publicity, education and behavior interventions should be strengthened to prevent HIV / AIDS from spreading in the world.