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早在1882年,Ringer即发现一类既有扩冠作用又有负性肌力作用的药物,其对心肌的效应等于缺钙的作用。1969年,Flekentein称此类药物为钙拮抗剂。目前最常用的三种钙拮抗剂为:异搏定、心痛定及硫氮(艹卓)酮。近年来,随着心肌与血管平滑肌细胞电生理的进展,对钙拮抗剂在药理学方面的研究逐渐深入,临床上用于治疗心血管疾病的报道也日益增多,恰如十多年前的β-受体阻滞剂那样,钙拮抗剂也即将取得其独自的地位,成为心血管疾病治疗上的一项重要进展。本文仅就钙拮抗剂在冠心病方面的临床应用及其作用机制加以综述。
As early as 1882, Ringer discovered a class of drugs that both have a crown-expanding effect and a negative inotropic effect, whose effect on the myocardium is equal to the effect of calcium deficiency. In 1969, Flekentein called the drug a calcium antagonist. At present, the three most commonly used calcium antagonists are verapamil, nifedipine, and thiadiazole. In recent years, with the progress of electrophysiology of myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells, the research of calcium antagonists in pharmacology has been gradually deepened, and the reports of clinically used to treat cardiovascular diseases are also increasing. Just as the β- Receptor blockers, calcium antagonists will soon gain its status as a cardiovascular disease treatment is an important progress. This article reviews only the clinical application of calcium antagonists in coronary heart disease and its mechanism of action.