西方法哲学是西方社会政治意识形态的一部分.正如要研究一个社会的法律必须首先了解该社会的政治与经济结构、社会文化与历史发展一样,研究西方法哲学也必须将法哲学置于社会意识形态的大背景之下.西方社会的政治意识形态纷纭复杂,但其中的主要内容均可放在一个大概念之中,这一概念便是自由主义.自由主义是一种政治哲学,是西方社会历史、文化、传统与资本主义发展相结合的产物.作为一种价值观,自由主义“把个人看作是基本的.人比人类社会及人类社会的制度与结构更真实,更重要.它将高尚的道德价值与个人联系在一起而不是将其与社会或任何集团联系在一起.以这种思维方式,人在任何方面都优先于社会……他的权利与要求在道德上应 Western legal philosophy is part of Western political ideology.As the study of a social law must first understand the political and economic structure of society, social culture and historical development, the study of Western legal philosophy must also put the philosophy of law social awareness The background of the form.Western political and ideological complex, but the main contents of which can be put in a big concept, the concept is liberalism.Politics is a political philosophy, is a Western society History, culture, tradition and development of capitalism.As a kind of values, liberalism ”regards the individual as the basic one.People are more real and important than the system and structure of human society and human society. Noble moral values ​​are associated with personal ties rather than with society or with any group, and in this way man takes precedence over society in all respects ... His rights and demands should be moral