现代通信系统中多采用多路复用的方式 ,而在多路通信系统中需要进行信号的分割 ,其目的是使多个用户能够正常的通信 .从泛函分析的角度讨论了目前常用的频分、时分及码分等几种多路通信方式中信号分割的基本原理 ,得出对信号线性分割的充要条件 :线性无关性 ,并提出了更为严格的充分条件 ,即正交性 .但是一般可以将线性独立的信号经过适当变换转成正交信号 .从几何投影的观点对信号分割过程做了解释 Modern communication systems use multiple ways to multiplex, and in the multi-channel communication system requires signal segmentation, the purpose is to enable multiple users to communicate normally. From the perspective of functional analysis, the commonly used frequency Points, time points and code points, and so on. The necessary and sufficient conditions for signal linear segmentation are obtained: linear independence, and more rigorous sufficient conditions are proposed, namely orthogonality. However, it is generally possible to transform linearly independent signals into orthogonal signals by appropriate transformations, and to explain the signal segmentation process from the perspective of geometric projection