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目的:探讨百岁方改善脑缺血大鼠学习记忆功能的作用机制。方法:动物实验采用永久结扎双侧颈总动脉,作为不完全脑缺血拟血管性痴呆的动物模型。选用 Wistar 大鼠75只,按随机数字表分为5组:中药1组以百岁方3.6 g/(kg·d);中药2组以百岁方11g/(kg·d);西药组予脑复康0.4 g/(kg·d);假手术组、模型组以自来水2ml/(kg·d)分别灌胃。观察项目:选用辐射式三臂等长 Y 字型迷宫试验测试反应学习记忆的行为学指标;用受体放射性配基结合分析法测定脑组织胆碱能 M 受体(mACh-R)密度、脑乙酰胆碱酯酶活性(AchE);用锥板法测定血液流变性;采用比浊法测定血小板聚集率;对用 HE 染色、甲苯胺蓝染色的脑组织,进行了病理组织学观察和细胞形态学计量分析。结果:实验结果显示其能明显改善模型动物脑组织低灌流引起的学习记忆缺损(Y 迷宫),改善血液流变性(血粘度、红细胞压积等),促进缺血损伤神经元的形态恢复,上调脑胆碱能 M 受体密度,降低脑乙酰胆碱酰酶活性。结论:百岁方能干预实验鼠由脑缺血引起的学习记忆缺损,从而证实其治疗血管性痴呆具有可靠的药理学基础。
Objective: To explore the mechanism of 100-year-old prescription on improving learning and memory in rats with cerebral ischemia. METHODS: Animal experiments were performed using permanent ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries as an animal model of incomplete cerebral ischemia-induced vascular dementia. Seventy-five Wistar rats were selected and divided into five groups according to a random number table: Chinese medicine group 1 to the age of 3.6 g/(kg·d); traditional Chinese medicine 2 group to the age of 11g/(kg·d); Western medicine group to Naofukang 0.4 g/(kg·d); sham operation group and model group were intragastrically administered with 2 ml/(kg·d) of tap water. Observation items: Radiation-type three-arm isometric Y-shaped labyrinth test was used to test the behavioral parameters of response learning and memory; brain choroidal M receptor (mACh-R) density and brain were measured by receptor radioligand binding assay. Acetylcholinesterase activity (AchE); blood rheology was measured by cone and plate method; platelet aggregation rate was measured by turbidimetric method; histopathological observation and cytomorphometry were performed on brain tissue stained with HE and toluidine blue. analysis. Results: The experimental results showed that it can significantly improve the learning and memory deficits (Y-maze) caused by hypoperfusion of brain tissue in model animals, improve hemorheology (blood viscosity, hematocrit, etc.), and promote the recovery of neuronal morphology after ischemic injury. Brain cholinergic M receptor density decreases brain acetylcholine acylase activity. CONCLUSION: 100-year-old can interfere with the learning and memory impairment caused by cerebral ischemia in experimental rats, thus confirming its reliable pharmacological basis for the treatment of vascular dementia.