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古稻实物遗存是探寻水稻起源驯化最直接的实物证据,也是古稻粒形分析的基础。该研究通过对中国现已出土古稻实物遗存及其考古遗址进行归纳总结,并借助前人积累的古稻粒形基础数据,对中国现有不同时空分布的古稻粒形进行整合分析,探寻水稻驯化过程中古稻的粒形变化规律,以揭示中国水稻起源地及其传播方向。结果表明,距今7 000年左右,人类开始有意识地对水稻籽粒形状进行选择,并且粒宽较粒长可能更早引起先民的注意;长江中下游是中国水稻的起源中心,水稻在该地区起源后,逐步向南北两个方向传播,因南北气候条件的差异,促进了水稻的籼粳分化。
The remains of ancient rice is the most direct physical evidence to explore the domestication of rice origin, but also the basis of ancient rice grain shape analysis. This study summarizes the remains of ancient rice now excavated in China and its archaeological sites, and makes use of the basic data of ancient rice accumulated by the predecessors to analyze and analyze the existing grain shapes of ancient rice with different temporal and spatial distributions in China Variation of grain shape of ancient rice in domestication of rice in order to reveal the origin and propagation direction of rice in China. The results showed that about 7,000 years ago, humans began to consciously choose the grain shape of rice, and grain size may be earlier than the grain size of the ancestors of attention; the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is the origin of rice in China, rice in the region Origin, gradually spread to both north and south directions, due to differences in climate conditions north and south, and promote rice differentiation of indica and japonica.